Campione d'Italia is located in the middle of this on map, near the city of Lugano. The lake border is in the middle of the Lago di Lugano. Since lake borders are considered equal to land border (contrary to salt water borders), Campione d'Italia has no direct water connection to mainland Italia and is therefore a true exclave and enclave. (Map: Autoatlas Zentraleuropa, Schloss Verlag, München.)